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翻訳サービス市場の分析

June 5th, 2009

(一)翻訳サービス業将来の見込み

 翻訳サービス業が発展する原因は四つあると思う。

第一、グローバル化の発展が素早くなり、中国と日本の友好交流が深くなり、 経済発展とともに情報の交流も盛んになる。契約書翻訳、文献翻訳、資料翻訳、報告書翻訳、調査書翻訳、評論翻訳、解説翻訳、企画書翻訳など翻訳ニーズが多くなってくる。ニーズがあれば市場が出来る。

 第二、科学の進歩につれて、交流手段も飛躍的発展を遂げた。唐代の玄蔵が天竺へ十年程の旅をして辿り着くことに対して、現代の交流スピードは想像できないほど速い。ファックスとか、Eメイルとか、即時の交流メディア(QQ、Hotmailなど)とか、インターネットの応用範囲の拡大と国際的な電子商取引が熟達になりにつれて、情報通信の速度を秒で計算する。

 第三、各単科大学と総合大学で育て出来る言語専攻の学生が多くなり、翻訳方面の仕事をしようとする学生も少なくない。現在翻訳市場にで活躍する翻訳者は大体学者、教師、学生である。

 第四、翻訳サービス業は第三産業に属する。コストが低くて、利潤が高い。特に使用人口少ない言語では利潤がもっと高い。

 以上述べたところを総合すれば、翻訳サービス業の見込みは良好であって、まだ発展の余地がある。

(二)発展現状と問題

翻訳業は歴史を持っている産業の一つであり、勿論国民経済と改革開放にとって、重要な役割を果たし、非常に関心が持たれている分野になってくる。

。目前(2004年で統計)、全世界において翻訳サービス市場の年間生産額が130億米ドルを上回り、アジア太平洋地域が30%を占めていた。2005年、翻訳サービス市場の規模は227億米ドルに達した。中国翻訳サービス市場の規模は110億元左右で、2005年では200億元を突破した。そして、2007年では300億元に成った。http://www.1×1y.com.cn翻訳サイトだけでは登録する翻訳会社が2834社がある。しかし、大きな翻訳ニーズと調和が取れないところは内陸翻訳能力が低いことである。中国の翻訳市場の規模が百億円を突破したが、翻訳会社で消化し出来る産額が10-15億元だけである。人材、技術不十分の為に、大量的な外国語の翻訳が出来ない。国際の情報を消化出来ないゆえに、中国は多くのビジネスチャンスを失ってしまった。業界内の専門家はこう指摘した、中国の翻訳サービス業を制約する原因は以下に述べる。

1.暴利を貪ることができると考え、大勢の翻訳能力低い人と経験少ない人が翻訳者の列に混入した。実は、翻訳登録済みの会社になろうとしたら、どんな特別な素質証明は必要ではない。メディアはその状況について、翻訳会社の登録はクリーニング店と同じにで、ただ万元を投資して、富みを生み出す早道であるという悪い評論も出した。そんな低い敷居なので、翻訳サービス業は泥も砂も一緒に押し流し、玉石混交であるの状態になる。翻訳の質が粗悪で、保障が得られない。一部のベテラン翻訳専門家は手厳しくこう指摘した、目前中国における翻訳業に浮ついていて、功をこり、業務レベルが低く、翻訳道徳を失って、もっぱら利益を図っていて、従事状態が混乱で、経営規範に合っていないなどの問題が普遍的に存在する。これが翻訳サービス市場の名声と評判には極めて大きな損を与えた。

2.現在国内には規模の小さい翻訳会社が多く、規模の大きな会社が少ない。年営業利益500万元以上の翻訳機関と会社が極めてまれである。それに、名高い会社がほとんどなく、市場に良好的な引率働きと手本の役割を果たせない。国際的な翻訳巨頭Trados等が中国市場に突きこんだ時、中国翻訳会社は指導者を欠き、相当的な製品とサービスを出せなく、それと拮抗することに足らない。

3.総合的に品質をコントロールするシステムが乏しい。現在90%以上の翻訳機関と社会の翻訳操作が完全な手仕事の段階にとどまり、翻訳品質を測定検査する道具と整っているプロセスが殆どない。その結果、政治、経済、文化、科学等の領域の中外交流に非常な悪い影響を与えた。

4.翻訳サービスの競争が激しいが、採用する手段は主に成約額を抑えるなどの低い段階の競争である。市場の規模が大きくならないという悪循環になってしまう。全国で専門翻訳会社で登録した会社が3000社強あるが、推測によれば、諮問会社や、印刷会社の名で登録して、実に翻訳仕事も引き受ける会社は一万社かあるだろう。低いコストと水準の低い人力資源を頼って、むやみに翻訳する場合が多い。もともと低い価額を一層押し、多くの非公式の「翻訳会社」のオッファーシートは公式会社の半額に及ばない。例として、上海の翻訳会社の日本語中訳の価額区間は千字ごとに180-240元、中国語日訳は千字ごとに220-280元。それに対して、青島の翻訳会社日本語中訳、中国語日訳は千字ごとに60-80元。品質を無視し、信用を守らなく、ただ値切るだけで競争している市場環境は、翻訳品質は高いが、コストも高い公式的な翻訳会社に巨大な圧力を与えた。盲目的な価額戦で多くの優秀な翻訳者は翻訳業を離れていく、大量的な翻訳不良品は市場に氾濫している。苦労した翻訳者は最後オッファーシートの42%だけのお金を得られる。校正作業人員は18%を貰い、翻訳会社は40%の資金を搾取する。

5.翻訳養成訓練機構不十分で、科学面翻訳人材が足りない。2006年中国の大学には初めて「翻訳」という専攻を設立した。それに、社会には科学専攻の翻訳人材を養成する機構も少ない。だから、科学面の翻訳人材が供給不足である。又、大学に設立した翻訳課程は殆ど翻訳理論を重視し、翻訳会社の実際翻訳プロジェクトと結びつけることが少ない。言語専攻で卒業した学生は翻訳会社に就職したら、また第二次訓練が必要である。

6.詐欺のようなよくない現象

一部の翻訳会社は詐欺の手段を使い、黒翻訳会社と呼ばれる。注文書(原稿)を貰った以後、原稿を幾つ小さい文書に分解して、名目はテストで臨時に連絡する翻訳者に配って無償で翻訳する。そして、ばらばらな翻訳完成品を校正人員に与え、校正人員でこれを整理統合する。そうすると、黒翻訳会社はただ18%の金を校正人員に支給しだけで済む。

一部の翻訳者も名誉に損をする。例えば、翻訳会社から貰ったテストを高品質でやって、そうしたら大きな翻訳プロジェクトを受け取って、また他の翻訳者を探し、残った原稿をもっと低い価額で配り、自分が手数料を貰う。或は、翻訳作品の前半の質がよいが、後半は翻訳機器で翻訳する。

 

解決意見

今の翻訳市場は少し乱れていて、価額の定めることも不公平で、各翻訳会社は競って値段を抑えるし、翻訳者は正式の研修をなしに直接用いられることも多いし、翻訳された文章の品質は余り高くない。それに対してはマクロ的な処理する必要がある。 

 単科大学と総合大学などの教育団体は各種の調査研究を展開すべき、翻訳品質や市場や人材養成などに関する学術シンポジウムを開催し、政府も協力して、翻訳サービス市場の監督の役割を果たす。

そして、崇高的な翻訳道徳を発揚し、翻訳業における詐欺のようなよくない現象を押さえつけ、翻訳知的所有権の保護システムと法律的な諮問機関を建設する必要があると思う。

 翻訳市場に存在する翻訳会社の詐欺について、今までよい解決方法はないが、翻訳者の詐欺にとして、翻訳会社は今、今月の原稿料では来月で決算という仕方を採用する。翻訳された文章が規定の品質にならないと、原稿料を払わないことである。この方法を使って、一程度で翻訳者の詐欺する現象を抑えたが、他の方法を考えなければならない。

 翻訳者の権利を守っては、先端的な技術が必要である。ワールドのドキュメントにパスワードを設置して、翻訳会社に渡する。翻訳会社はただ読めて、使用することが出来ない。翻訳の質量を検査した後、合格するのなら、翻訳者の料金を払う。そして、翻訳者はパスワードを会社に渡し、このドキュメントが使えるようになる。

 インターネットの商売が繁盛している現在、支払方法が多くなる。翻訳会社は今サードパーティー支払方法を受け取り、すなわち、翻訳会社はお金をAlipay, Paypal(サードパーティーの二種類)などに支払い、翻訳者も原稿をAlipay,Paypalに提出して、確認した後、サードパーティーはお金を翻訳者へ支払い、原稿を翻訳会社へ渡す。翻訳の取引にサードパーティーが介入して後、会社の信用にも、翻訳者の信用にも保障しされている。

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Tags: Chinese translation company, market analysis, translation industry

Translation Trend , ,

Multilingual Translation: A pack of assorted beans

December 24th, 2008

Summary: What’s the relationship between a pack of assorted beans and multilingual translation? We are supply well-meaning services in the public and creating private companies, constructing thickets of bamboozling artifice and stifling offers to serve the people.

 

I speak three different languages with various degrees of proficiency —- Chinese, my mother tongue, pretty English, and enough French to get into a discussion with the French teacher in my college about our cultural differences. I have also dabbled a little in Japanese. As a part-time translator, I have never done any work on multilingual translation, but I am clearly acknowledging the absurdity that the modern translation industry takes multilingual translation as a derivative of bilingual translation.

Any kind of translation is a process to paraphrase one language into another, while multilingual translation is the same process done by a translator whose native language is neither the source language nor the target one. The fact that the clients or translation companies prefer the multilingual translation relies on not only the mutual trust, but also the operational cost and risk.

Due to lack of international communication and cooperation in translation industry, customers’ fossilization results in. The customers will prefer the same translation company in whatever conditions after they have fulfilled the company’s work for several times. As a duckling will imprint the first thing that feeds it, and thereafter follow around, so do the loyal customers who imprint their long-term cooperator. When the clients want a multilingual translation, they may prefer an old translation company in China, instead of a new one in Europe whose native language is either the source language or the target one.

Some Chinese translation companies do not possess multilingual ability, but still take multilingual translation as their special service. They use Chinese as a medium, i.e. to translate the source language into Chinese, and then translate the Chinese into the target language. Due to the language and culture diversity, the accuracy of this kind of multilingual translation is much lower.

The other reason for the existence of multilingual translation maybe is the cost. The exchange rate of Yuan against foreign currencies is so high that clients abroad prefer domestic translation services, which is breeding the soil of multilingual translation. Due to the globalization, the language skills of domestic and international translators are becoming compatible with internationally accepted practices. Therefore, in China, it is economically available. I wonder whether it is an element of the socialism with Chinese characteristics or not.

Despite the optimistic predictions, the development of the translation industry will not be an easy flight. Great challenges loom ahead, including fiercer competition from within and outside the country, cost control, technology bottlenecks and further deregulation of the market. Then, fierce competition contributes to multilingual translation in China, which is spread as a publicity and stunts to help expend business or to attract clients.

Last week, in a local Carrefour, I did encounter one tiny object that seemed to epitomize the absurdity of the domestic modern translation industry. It was a pack of assorted beans, which contains soybean, mung bean, pea, etc. On the brilliantly sparkling plastic package, there was a price tag with an impressive printing — 20 Yuan. The current price of any kind of beans in it is only one tenth of that price. Several beans can be revalued after being mingled together, but in my eyes, beans are still beans. Such items are no more than naked commercial promotion aimed at attracting eyeballs. And so does multilingual transition.

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Tags: Chinese translation company, multilingual translation, translation company

Industry News , ,

Translation Blog

December 16th, 2008

There are two main types of translation blogs, and there are also four essential concepts in them: reliability, profession, updating and confidentiality. In this paper, I separately introduce the reasons for those four concepts.There is one thing puzzling me for a long time that when we were young, diary is our one of the most private things; but due to the blog, more and more people tend to public their personal thinking. Nowadays, blog is developed into forms of diversity, commercialization and publication. Just type “translation blog” on search engines, you can find thousands of different types that are related to the word of translation. There are two main types of translation blogs: one is for commercial, and this translation blog always belongs to one company, the main function of which is to advertise the services of that company. The other is for personal affairs, this translation blog is related to the translation-lovers or people engaged in translation business, most of which is for personal hobby with unprofitable purposes. The common ground of these two translation blogs is sharing and connecting. They share their information with millions of people and provide a platform for contacting. In fact, I have built up my own translation blog for only a few months, and it indeed brings me a lot of fun. I acquainted many people with the same-interest and exchanged lots of novel points. Although I am not a veteran in the area of blog, I here provide only my personal point of view to the translation blog.

One, it should be reliable. Because blog is an open platform which faces numberless people in different regions and many of them maybe depend on the message of your translation blog to deal with their problems, the message of your blog must be real. If you are ambiguous in the expression of a translation, you must figure it out clearly and ensure its correctness. Or else, you would not write it in your blog.

Two, it should be professional. Differing from the usual personal blog, the translation blog refers to the specialized field of translation. In this condition, every word you wrote should be precise. Of course, you can design the style in your own way and write things in which you skilled. For my own example, I built an independent unit of conventional new words in my blog, and I introduce some words which shall be known by new freshers. For instance, in the phrase “built 100 million”, here the word “built” does not mean “construct”, but means “increase”. In the same way, the word “dive” in phrase “dive 100 million” means to decrease 100 million. In fact, the words that are used in the foreign news are always very vivid.

Three, it should be frequently updated. We know that the translation field needs to renew unceasingly, which is caused by the changeability of our languages. Therefore, the contents in our translation blog also need to refresh timely. This is not only good for readers to know the new information, but also beneficial to the writers for maintaining the proper position, instead of falling behind. Usually you may find that updating your blog becomes a part of your life, and this must be grateful for the writers.

Four, it should be confidential. As many translation blogs are established by professional translators, these people may be connected with some confidential documents, like business contracts, legal files, company’s internal conference records or personal privacy. The contents of these documents may be nothing with the blog writers, but must be valuable and crucial to those corporations and related individuals. Therefore, the writings could never be such kind information in their blogs.

As the development of internet, blog will have to become a new stage to show the individuals. For those translation blogs which want to attract more readers, it is necessary to grasp the concepts of the reliability, profession, updating and confidentiality. There are many other ways to make your blog more charming and interesting. In fact, I am also on the explored path of bettering my translation blog, and it is hoped that one day my blog will become your regularly visiting place.

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Tags: Chinese translation company, translation blog, translation company

Industry News , ,

An Odyssey of Research: To Be A Professional Translator

December 5th, 2008

Abstract: What does the professional translation service mean to the translation companies and the individuals, and what’s the relationship between the translation companies and the translators?
 
 At one time, it was the dream of many ambitious young people to become a translator or interpreter. Their dreams were not only due to the desirable payment, besides, they wanted to gain social prestige and more opportunities to contact with the upper classes. Unfortunately, few people who proclaimed themselves as qualified translators or interpreters can offer professional translation service.


The May Fourth Movement launched a campaign of Chinese culture exchange, the translation industry enjoyed an unprecedented prosperity and taken the “faithfulness, expressiveness, elegance” creeds to the professional translation service. However, such creeds are far away from sufficient and accurate as keys to the practical professional translation service despite that they can represent the uppermost standards.


Translation is a stage for team work other than individual heroism.. Therefore, from the perspective of undertaking big projects and the sustainable development of a professional translation company, the maintenance of a terminology bank, loyal patrons, qualified translators and the passion for translation industry should be attached with great importance. The manager who takes charge of a professional translation service should have a holistic consideration in arranging the projects and should meticulously guarantee the quality of each process of the work including project definition, translators selection, proofreading and quality review.


In such a hustling and bustling world where people are so selfish and greedy to gain financial benefit, it is hard for the translation companies to make an alternative between the speed of making profit and the quality of their works. How can a translation company make its professional translation service genuine enough to lure more business and bear more responsibilities in culture exchange? Even though the current total production of China’s translation industry is about 30 billion Yuan in 2008, according to China International Publishing Group, nobody knows how much money has been consumed in subcontract operation. Ubiquitously, some Chinese translation tycoons distribute giant projects to other trust resources and make a profit by their own reputations.

 Due to the secret volume of their business, nearly no clients have the awareness of their translation company’s full-time translators’ working strengths and arrangements. When professional projects are done by some laymen who lack of a clear understanding about the quality and the general arrangement, the proofreading will be the heavy workload. When the day comes that the subcontract operation is revealed to the translation circle, the dishonest companies will suffer an appalling decline of businesses amount.
 
Up to 1520, all the commercial groups whose names coincided with their functions disappeared except for 85 international organizations including 70 universities and 15 religious groups. Therefore, we can draw a conclusion that the establishment of enterprise culture is the cause of the longevity of professional translation service. It needs the translation companies to reestablish the value outlook, rules and regulations, the behavior culture and the material culture.


Translation produces lots of fruits, which make culture communication become possible, bring culture communication into translation: the growth of knowledge followed a kind of compound-interest law, which was further greatly enhanced by the invention of CAT, giving rise to the coherence of professional glossary and practical application of CAT software. On the other hand, the professional translation service lies on the improvement of the individual translators, which thanks to the translation companies as they play a positive role in this regard. Some translation companies keep a custom to return the unpolished translation to the translators on the pretext of reasonable excuses, which aims at helping the translators to develop their skills in the future work and be more successful.


In conclusion, to fulfill the desire of the customers is a specific characteristic of the professional translation service, which is full of the duration of severe miseries and the frustration on what is required to translate. As with Aristotle’s words,
Excellence is an art won by training and habituation. We do not act rightly because we have virtue or excellence, but we rather have those because we have acted rightly. We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is not an act but a habit.”

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Tags: Chinese translation company, London translation company, professional translation service

Global Business Strategy , ,

The root of Chinese Translation Company

December 2nd, 2008

Chinese Translation Company has a long history which can be traced back to the Tang Dynasty. Thanks to the introduction of and adherence to the Buddhism from India, the translation business at that time was extremely flourish. The mythological novel Journey to the West recounted the amazing adventures of the eminent monk Xuan Zang of the Tang Dynasty, from which we can find out some vestiges of Chinese Translation Company.

The three disciples of monk Xuan Zang converted to the Buddhism when they decided to devote their whole lives to the journey, thus the translation career emerged up. Xuan Zang, a representative of a freelance in translation circle, needed a company taking charge of marketing and logistics guarantee. Under such background, the four Buddhists formed into a company, which was the origin of Chinese Translation Company.

If we take the ancient Chinese Translation Company as a group of intellectuals who possess the same ideal and cherish it with insurgent enthusiasm, the emergence of modern counterparts can be regarded as interest-pursuing groups instead of service agencies because their thoughts mingle with more commercial elements. Chinese Translation Company has more available translation experience in translating the native language into other languages and competitive advantages as compared with the western counterparts. So, there existed a conventional stereotype that the responsibility of Chinese Translation Companies was to promote the Chinese language and its culture abroad. As the government failed to establish a non-profit organization which can give the priority to the translation quality instead of the translation velocity, some commercial organization appeared.

Actually, most companies are greedy for the maximum profits. Therefore, many Chinese Translation Companies fail to bear the responsibility of being a communication envoy between various cultures. Some Chinese Translation Companies have floating population of part-time translators. Besides, they endlessly scout and appoint language talents in China’s large human resource bank as they can pay rewards as low as possible. When they finish the hunt of new talents, they fire the previous ones for saving the cost. Only the full-time pillar translators and proofreaders take charge of the crucial projects to guarantee their company’s reputation and survival.

 Chinese Translation Companies hardly take the non-profit incentive in running translation business, as a result, the competition of the translation industry become fierce which can be demonstrated by all related aspect, and accompanying with the flooding of utilitarianism and that profit margin in domestic translation industry is shrinking. Therefore, Chinese Translation Companies are the best choice to the freelance translators because the translation is not a field for individual heroism but a team work and also is due to the limitation of energy and time of single translator. So many derivatives positions come up in the modern translation companies, such as project management, translator scout, proofreading, quality review, etc. History can provide with eloquent evidence that the division of translation project based on equality and cooperation between translation company and the translators constitutes the most reasonable and practical relationship. For example, they share the same specific glossary in a certain field.

Since the Tang Dynasty, it has passed more than one-thousand years of feudal autocracy. But only the Chinese Translators have been preserving the distinguishable character —- suffering without protest or complaint, which reflects the fact that Chinese people reveres to the dragon. Every full-time translator or interpreter shares a common stiff feature, working for long duration of desk work and field work.

In a word, the emergency of further cooperation, differentiation of translation work, and maintenance of dragon spirit will be accompanied with the Chinese Translation Companies. 

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Tags: Chinese translation company, language translation service

Industry News ,

Characteristics of Chinese Translation Companies

December 1st, 2008

 

Since China’s reform and opening up to the outside world, along with rapid growth of its national economy, diversified translation has also been in high demand. China’s translation industry thus has come a way from its infancy to today’s relative development, but it is still far from maturity. The Chinese translation companies as a whole have several characteristics as follows.

1 Small size of Chinese translation companies. The bulk of Chinese translation companies are of relatively small size and privately operated. It is very common for a local company to have staff less than twenty and business turnover under 1 million RMB. With such few employees under its management, it is often run in a family style. Translation companies in large cities like Beijing and Shanghai are definitely larger, while those in small-and-medium sized cities have lagged far behind.

2 Disparity in quality of service among different Chinese translation companies. There are thousands of registered translation companies in China, and even much more unregistered translation shops .Many of them declare that they can handle translation of different languages in a number of fields. But in fact they do not have strict quality control measures in place, and consequently cannot ensure 100% correctness of their translation. In addition, many Chinese translation companies do not have necessary native foreign language speakers to serve as target language supervisors. Without watchdogs, it is hard to guarantee translation quality. That is the reason why we see inaccurate translations on buses, product packages and road signs, etc.

 3 Lower and lower prices resulted from increasingly fierce competition. To compete for customers, who are mostly Chinese, many Chinese translation companies resort to price wars rather than winning by high quality. With narrowed profit margin, their translation quality degrades accordingly. This is a vicious cycle that interferes with a normal market order. Some Chinese translation companies suffer so badly from the adverse impact of this malpractice that they are on the verge of bankruptcy.  

4 Insufficient translation training organizations and shortage of specialized talents in scientific field translation. Chinese universities began to open translation courses in 2006, but their curriculum mostly focus on translation theory rather than a combination of theory with practical usages. Actually, translation skills should be perfected through large amount of practice. Newly graduated university students need training to gain more experience after they pick up translation as a profession. Usually it takes them two or three years of hands-on job to really grow into a qualified translator. As a consequence, Chinese translation companies should make it a priority to get their staff adequately trained by working out a long term training program and providing a workable incentive mechanism for them.  

Despite problems, Chinese translation companies have always adapted to the local environment and made adjustments accordingly. That is why many have survived from the fierce competition and come out stronger. For them to maintain sustainable development, Chinese translation companies should always value their company profile, which consists of high quality and service. It is important for them to win customers back once again, instead of making a once-for-all deal. They should better have a vision for their future development and stick to its strategy all along the way in an effort to achieve a greater and greater success. 

 

Author Information:

Jane Yu

Market Research of

Transhorsa translation Co.,LTD.,Shanghai

http://www.transhorsa.org

Native Translator & Proofreading

 


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Tags: Chinese translation company, professional translation team, Shanghai translation company

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